Monday, December 21, 2015

Auckland Deck Builders Gain Waterproofing Advantage with Deck Masters New Zealand, LLC and Duradek

Kia Ora! Welcome to New Zealand’s answer to how to most enjoy residential outdoor leisure space. The luxury of low-maintenance waterproof deck surfaces has made its way to the ‘land of the long white cloud’. Kiwi's can now enjoy the advantages of Duradek vinyl deck membranes thanks to the deck waterproofing professionals at Deck Masters New Zealand, LLC.

Serving Greater Auckland, Northland and Waikato, Deck Masters New Zealand specializes in residential and commercial waterproofing and maintenance solutions for new and existing buildings. With an exceptional team of skilled professionals, Deck Masters NZ is led by Terry Hugill with a goal to surpass customer expectations with both project time and product performance.

View deck with Duradek Supreme Chip Granite vinyl at Red Beach.

It is Deck Master NZ’s dedication to using only the highest quality waterproofing products that led them to Duradek™ vinyl deck membranes which have been successfully used in North America for over 40 years. Originally conceived by two outdoor enthusiasts inspired by the marine vinyl in their fishing boat (read the Duradek Story for more details), Duradek is the original vinyl decking and essentially created a niche specialty trade.

Having pioneered the vinyl decking industry, Duradek president John Ogilvie was instrumental in establishing North American building codes for the use of Duradek as a roofing membrane, making Duradek the definitive authority on “walkable roofing membranes”. Duradek is also one of the only vinyl decking products that offers an appearance warranty in addition to guaranteeing waterproof performance.

Deck with Duradek Supreme Chip
Taupe vinyl in Chatswood.

Duradek vinyl recently took the initiative in some extensive product testing above building code requirements and went head to head with competing vinyl brands in accelerated weather testing to clearly demonstrate that Duradek vinyl decking stands up to UV exposure better than any other deck vinyl.

An additional feature that makes Duradek vinyl a superior choice for a deck, balcony or roof deck waterproofing is the fact that Duradek is not available as a retail product for do-it-yourself projects. The team at Duradek knows that no matter how superior a waterproofing product is manufactured; it is the installation details and techniques that ensure the waterproofing performs as intended. This is what made Deck Masters NZ such a perfect fit to become New Zealand’s source for Duradek vinyl decking.

Duradek training session with
Miles from Deck Master New Zealand

Deck Master NZ already had an existing team of professionals skilled in deck and roof waterproofing and they invested in sending their team representative, Miles Hugill, to Duradek’s headquarters. Located in Surrey, BC (part of the Greater Vancouver Regional District in western Canada), Duradek’s home base is one of the most beautiful, but rainiest climates in North America - a fitting place to perfect waterproofing details. While visiting Duradek headquarters, Miles was busy learning the specific techniques that Duradek has mastered to ensure reliable waterproof performance, which he took back to the team at Deck Master NZ.

The waterproofing specialists at Deck Masters NZ introduced Duradek at the Auckland Home Show in September and have been busy with installations in the Greater Auckland area throughout the summer.

Deck Master NZ at the Auckland Home Show 2015.

With shorelines and rolling countryside that is the envy of the whole world, New Zealanders already enjoy the best of outdoor living - and now they can bring that to their own homes. By offering Duradek vinyl membranes to New Zealanders, Deck Masters NZ is opening up opportunity for home owners to enjoy the most leisure time on the decks, balconies, patios and porches without the need for ongoing maintenance to ensure waterproof performance remains intact.

Roof Deck in Orewa with
Duradek Okanagan Flint vinyl.
This is a great advantage to architects and designers who want incorporate roof decks or multi-level decks into their designs to take advantage of the natural surroundings and maximize additional, usable living space. With warrantied, roof-grade waterproof protection, these designs can be incorporated worry-free.

So, kick back with an L&P or favourite local brew and enjoy a life of leisure with a maintenance-free, waterproof deck from Deck Masters New Zealand!

Contact Deck Masters New Zealand, LLC for a no-obligation estimate on your decking project in Greater Auckland.
Call 09 281 5830 or inquire online.

Thursday, December 10, 2015

California Roofers in Top Demand with El Nino Preparation

Moisture management is one of those things that people often do not think about until there is an issue, but that is not the case this year as west coast home owners are scrambling to prepare for what is anticipated to be the strongest El Nino on record and that could deliver historic levels of rain this winter.

If you are on the wait list for a roofing contractor or gutter installer, you are not alone. Many companies in California are reporting a backlog of weeks, sometimes months despite adding additional people to their crews and extending the work week.

While past El Ninos have doubled normal rainfall recorded in southern California, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is warning that this winter’s weather could be the strongest on record with intense rain expected between January and March of 2016.


Wild weather can
wreak havoc and
keep roofers busy.
For homeowners and property managers, this means that any past water leak issues or delayed repairs are now an immediate concern, which not addressed before the wild weather arrives could result in notable water damage and more significant, costly repairs.

Roofing demand is not limited to sloped, shingled roofs. Flat roofs, particularly flat roofs that act as decks situated over living space are of particular concern. Without proper drainage and reliable waterproofing details, these luxurious roof decks made to enjoy coastal vistas can be worrisome if water views are overshadowed by water infiltration.

Using a proven roofing product and a skilled contractor are a home owner’s best arsenal to defend a structure’s building envelope. Flat roof deck waterproofing is a specialty trade that requires the finest workmanship of roofing and decking contractors combined; as well as a product that is specifically made for that unique purpose.

That is where solutions like Duradek can be the most reliable, cost-effective solution for flat roof decks. Duradek vinyl decking provides a classified roofing membrane and pedestrian surface in one single product. While some contractors will turn to a more traditional torch-on system that would require an additional pedestrian surface for comfort and design to enjoy the pleasures of a roof deck, Duradek’s warrantied vinyl membrane and its superior waterproofing performance comes in a wide range of attractive, colors and patterns to combine the best of protection and style in a single product solution. Additionally, using an exposed waterproofing membrane like Duradek makes it exceptionally easy to inspect for any potential leaks which lets home owners perform inspections on their own without the need to hire a roofing contractor for that task.

Backed up by a 3rd party quality control program and multiple tests results, Duradek is building code approved, passes wind-uplift tests and has been ICC evaluated as meeting all requirements for:

• Section: 07 18 13 – Pedestrian Traffic Coatings
• Section: 07 54 00 – Thermoplastic Membrane Roofing
• Section: 07 54 19 – Polyvinyl Chloride Roofing

What is perhaps an even more important evaluation criterion in choosing a Duradek vinyl deck membrane for your roof deck is that Duradek is only available through authorized contractors that have been trained in the specific details unique to roof deck waterproofing.

For homeowners along the California coast that have used tile as the surface of their roof decks, Duradek has the ideal, custom-made solution for your waterproof protection. Duradek’s proven waterproofing membrane has been adapted with a textured surface specifically designed to best accept thin-set and the application of exterior tiles to create the Tiledek membrane. Duradek’s Tiledek has solved difficult and reoccurring issues from leaky tile decks for many home owners in California. Duradek dealer, Paul from Golden Gate Enterprises has created quite a collection of examples on his Golden Gate YouTube Channel where you can see first-hand, real-life examples of failed liquid coatings, failed torch-on systems and poor waterproof details that he was able to correct with Duradek and Tiledek. In this example below, Paul shows the results of a failed liquid coating waterproof system on a commercial flat roof deck.



This video shows a residential project with a failed torch-on modified bitumen waterproof system under tile, where Paul used Duradek to permanently solve ongoing leak issues, paying attention to details that ensure waterproof performance.



So if you are in the Bay Area, contact Golden Gate Enterprises for your roof deck needs. Outside of the Bay area, use Duradek’s Dealer locator to find a quality professional who can provide you with the reliable, low maintenance performance of Duradek vinyl membranes.

Tuesday, December 8, 2015

When it Comes to Vinyl Decking, Does Thicker Mean Better?

If you are considering the reliable, low maintenance advantages of sheet vinyl for your deck waterproofing solution, you may be presented with the idea that a thicker vinyl is better waterproof protection for your deck; but that is not necessarily accurate.

With vinyl decking, it is best to refer to building code requirements as your guideline because thicker does not mean better.

When Duradek first started waterproofing decks and balconies, the thickness of the PVC membrane used was only 20 mil, and those decks lasted for several years. Today, the requirement for a vinyl sheet membrane for waterproofing decks and balconies is more than double that at 45 mil.

Pedestrian roof decks however, have a Building Code requirement of 60 mils. That is already 25% thicker than a large commercial grade roofing requirement (48 mils thick). Anything over and above the required 60 mil thickness on decks situated over rated or habitable space does not give you any further waterproof protection. The real difference lies in the installation. In fact, a thicker vinyl can come with disadvantages.

Sheet vinyl comes in rolls, typically between 60-72 inches wide. It is rolled out the length of the deck and installed by adhesion to the deck substrate and by heat-welding the seams where the edges of vinyl meet. The seams are usually ¾” to an inch wide, and it this area of overlap for heat-welding the vinyl seams that an increase in thickness can really be a disadvantage.

Installation of Duradek vinyl deck membrane.

Even a 10% difference can be noticeable and make your deck susceptible to things like trapped, ponding water which is something to be avoided with vinyl deck surfaces. Some commercial projects prefer to use an 80 mil vinyl, which is far above building code requirements, but does not give any real added advantage. In fact, that 20 mil difference doubled up at the seam makes a 40 mil difference which is quite noticeable visually as well as by unexpected disadvantages.
Trapped water on a thick 66 mil seam.
Some consideration should be paid to the disadvantages that come with a deck vinyl that exceeds building code thickness.
  • Trapped, ponded water.
  • Potential tripping hazard.
  • Easier to catch seam on snow shovel.
  • Difficulties at installation with the fine detailing and handling.
There are actually a number of existing vinyl installations on sundecks from over 30 years ago using 24-32 mil vinyl that are still performing the waterproofing function today. Just a couple of years ago, we pulled up the vinyl from a 32 year old deck that had 32 mil Duradek on it. The plywood, after 32 years, was in perfect shape and was used again as the substrate under a new Duradek vinyl membrane.

This deck in Halifax had 32 year old Duradek vinyl.

When the old Duradek vinyl was lifted,
the plywood underneath was in great shape.


The new Duradek was able to go down over the
existing plywood.


So remember for your project, if you want the advantages of a low-maintenance deck vinyl on an elevated deck, balcony or roof deck, remember that exceeding the building code requirements above 60 mil only provides a thicker seam and no additional waterproof protection.

The reliable protection of vinyl decking is due in large part to the skilled installation techniques of your contractor, and thicker vinyl makes it more difficult to perform the critical details for water-tight protection.

Since these installation skills are so critical, Duradek is available only through one of our trained and authorized Duradek dealers. To talk to an experienced Duradek expert near you, visit our Find A Dealer page or contact us directly for a referral at duradek@duradek.com.

Monday, November 30, 2015

The Building Show 2015 - So Big for Construction Pros that Duradek is there Twice!

The Building Show, one of the largest construction industry events in North America, takes place at the Metro Toronto Convention Center this week from December 2nd to 4th.

Anybody involved in the construction industry, architectural communities or property management professions will benefit from the latest in product information, industry education and networking potential, all packed into 3 exciting days.

This event has taken form of the latest trend of mega-events where top industry trade shows combine to offer attendees the absolute most value for the time and investment to attend, no matter where in North America they might be traveling from. The Building Show is comprised of:

Registration into any of these shows gives you admission to ALL of these shows, and Duradek is proud to have representation at two locations at this year. You can find Duradek distributor, Raildek at the Home Builders & Renovators Expo (booth #326); and the flat roof waterproofing experts of Triumph Roofing at the PM Expo (booth #1447).


Look for Triumph Roofing at PM Expo 2015 - booth #1447

For anyone who deals with decking, roofing, design or property management and wants a reliable product with professional installation techniques that always considers protection of the building envelope of primary importance, a visit to a Duradek professional can give you just the solutions you need.

Since Duradek is not a retail product and only available through trained installers, Ontario designers or builders may want to start by contacting Raildek Distribution to be referred to an authorized Duradek installation company.

Established, specialized professionals like those at Triumph Inc. know the nuances of the Duradek membrane and all of the intricate details involved in waterproofing and protecting the building envelope. If you have a commercial or multi-residential property or project in Ontario that has balconies or roof decks, be sure to make Triumph your fist stop.

A History of Excellence for Triumph Inc. - Duradek Dealer Specializing in Commercial and Multi-Residential Projects

In 1989, Triumph Inc. was founded on the principle that quality always comes first. For over 25 years, Triumph has served Southern Ontario and Alberta as the leading roofing contractor for new building construction, repair, renovation, and maintenance services.

Their mission is to provide each and every customer with quality products, and superior workmanship with the support of our highly trained crew and dedicated team. This made Duradek an ideal product offering for Triumph since Duradek has a proven, superior product, but acknowledges that no matter how good a waterproofing membrane is manufactured, it is the skills of the installers with precise waterproofing details that make the product’s performance surpass all expectations.

Triumph’s reputation is built on the notion that their clients’ needs remain at the forefront of each service offering. Put simply, they guarantee that your Triumph experience will be a seamless one…except with Duradek, where the only seams are incredibly strong, heat-welded seams that prevent water from infiltrating your building!

Commercial Roof Deck by Triumph with Duradek vinyl.

Whether it is a commercial, industrial, institutional or residential project, the team of experts at Triumph are committed to providing you with the solutions to any roofing, cladding or waterproofing job.

For more information on how Triumph can help you with your low maintenance flat roof deck solutions, visit www.triumphinc.ca.
Email Inquiries: info@triumphinc.ca
Phone Inquiries: 416-534-8877.

You can find more information on Duradek sheet applied pvc membrane at ConstructionCanada.net and search by MasterFormat number 07 54 00 – Thermal and Moisture Protection / Membrane Roofing.

To contact an authorized Duradek installer in your area, see our Find a Dealer page.

Wednesday, November 18, 2015

How to Winterize Your Vinyl Deck in 3 Steps

There’s no more denying it. The days are shorter. The temperature is colder. Winter is on its way.

If you’ve got a covered deck, you might use it all year round, but decks exposed to the rain and snow tend to get neglected through the winter months.

There’s a few things you can do to keep your vinyl sundeck in top shape to survive the harsher winter weather and be ready for a simple cleaning come spring.

#1 – First, if you have not already done so, pack away any seasonal furniture or planters stored on your deck. When you are not using your deck frequently, you may not notice the debris or dirt that can accumulate around the edges of temporary furniture or fixtures of your deck, making for a tougher scrubbing in the spring.

#2 – Clear any organic debris that has accumulated. If you are lucky enough to have a lot of trees around your deck, that good fortune is often is accompanied by leaves and twigs that autumn weather can send to your deck in wet, mucky piles. Be sure to remove organic matter before it starts to decompose as this can lead to stains on your vinyl deck that can be difficult to remove.

#3 – Wash your deck with a mild cleaner and rinse thoroughly. While it is easy to brush this one off the list until spring, you can make your spring clean a little easier if you perform once before winter. You can use a vinyl deck cleaner for a gentle clean but if you would like to substitute for a more common household cleaner we have found that diluted Cascade powdered dish detergent works well also. Simply scrub with a soft bristled brush or broom. No matter what product you use to clean, make sure it is safe for use on vinyl and be sure to rinse well so there is no chemical residue remaining.

Now your deck is ready for winter, and probably looks so great that you will still want to use it every chance you get.

If you do access your vinyl deck through the winter months, have some rock salt or other snow melting chemicals on hand to deal with slippery ice and snow. Just remember that as soon as the spring weather arrives, you must rinse those chemicals off your deck to get keep your vinyl from premature aging.

Depending on the amount of snow accumulation you get, you may also want to be sure to have a plastic edged snow shovel on hand. Avoid the use of metal edged shovels on your vinyl deck so there is no chance of puncturing the membrane.

If you have been considering a deck renovation, don’t wait until spring or summer when deck builders are at their busiest. Start the conversation now to get an estimate on your decking project.

In many areas, Duradek installers can take care of re-surfacing your deck with Duradek vinyl all year round.  

Duradek installers are a very talented and creative bunch of contractors. Communicate with your Duradek contractor and don’t be afraid to ask him to make use of any scrap bits of left over vinyl (if there are any). Little, left-over vinyl remnants work well to place under metal planters to stop rust from developing on your permanent deck; and creative uses like this mini snow slide protects the landing of a patio stairway from snow accumulation.

In the fall and winter months, deck contractors have a little more time than they do in the summer to accommodate extra requests.

Friday, November 13, 2015

Drop of Your Coats for Kids at Duradek in 2015

20th ANNUAL Coats For Kids - "20 Days of Giving"

#Coats4Kids @GVHBA



Once again, Duradek is proud to take part in The Greater Vancouver Home Builders Association (GVHBA) Coats for Kids campaign in support of the Lower Mainland Christmas Bureau and Surrey Christmas Bureau, two groups whose many initiatives help to provide a brighter Christmas for families in need.



This year as the 20th annual year, we are specifically looking for; "COATS & JACKETS FOR TWEENS AND TEENS: AGES 12 - 18 YEARS OLD". 

The 2015 Coats for Kids will run for 20 days from Friday, November 13 to Wednesday, December 2.

You are welcome to drop of new coats, but gently used coats are more than appreciated!

Last year Duradek was one of 46 member companies of the GVHBA at 67 locations in 13 municipalities that served as a coat drop-off site.

The response to Coats for Kids 2014 was heartwarming as Lower Mainland residents donated more than 4,000 coats, scarves, gloves, blankets and new unwrapped toys and gifts for distribution to children, teenagers and adults.



Duradek, a proud member of the GVHBA – We’ve got you covered!


Drop off at our Head Office location in Surrey, BC - 8288 129 Street, Surrey

Wednesday, November 11, 2015

Roof Leaks, Repair Delays and the El Nino Influence

Thanks to the influence of El Nino, roofers and repair contractors are in top demand as home owners scramble to prepare for the wet, stormy weather.

Fixing old, leaky roofing is a top priority but preparation has turned into moisture management for some as many roofing companies are already booked through the fall and winter.

But be cautious when pleading for the services of a roofing contractor because when demand for a service is this high, the scam artists smell opportunity. It is important to stick with a reputable contractor, even if you have to deal with tarps and buckets while you wait. Verify that a contractor is licensed, ask if the company is insured and always get everything in writing. While many contractors may ask for a deposit, never pay for the full amount of the repairs in advance.

The influence from El Nino is causing a surge in roofing services from coast-to-coast across the lower US states.



The Weather Network reported that El Nino is strengthening and has an 80% chance to run into spring 2016; and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration reports a Strong El Nino sets the stage for 2015-2016 winter weather with wetter-than-average conditions most likely in the Southern Tier of the United States, from central and southern California, across Texas, to Florida, and up the East Coast to southern New England.

http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2015/101515-noaa-strong-el-nino-sets-the-stage-for-2015-2016-winter-weather.html

California Waits for Roofing Contractors

As California residents prepare for El Nino, Bay Valley Contractors in Walnut Creek has seen business increase by about 100% over the past few months. The company now has a waiting list of up to two months for new roofs and up to three months for roof repairs.

People along the California coast remember the El Nino of 1997/98 and are doing their best to be prepared, so California roofing contractors are busier than ever. Many home owners who have procrastinated roof repairs are relying on tarps and buckets to get them through until a roofing contractor can get to them.

One roofing company in California reported they are working 6-days a week since September and are already booked into June of 2016 as reported on Channel 5 News.

Texas Roofing Contractors are in Top Demand

In Texas, KENS TV in Texas reports that record-breaking rainfall is a challenge for roofers who have been swamped since last May with a record breaking rainfall, the wettest month on record since 1895. Now, after an extremely wet October, roofers are falling further behind in the demand for roof repairs and replacements.

In Pennsylvania, high winds in late October tore the roof off of an auto about a mile south of Latrobe where wind gusts of about 40 mph reportedly blew through in the early morning hours of Oct. 28th. While trying to secure the site, wind gusts of 35 – 50 mph were impeding progress. It was also reported that a mobile home in Derry Township also had its roof tore off due to the high winds and there was even an incident of a building collapse.

Flat Roof Waterproofing

There is nothing we can do to stop Mother Nature, but we can protect our homes by using reputable contractors and quality products like Duradek vinyl membranes on our flat roof decks.

One of the great benefits of Duradek vinyl as a roofing solution for flat roofs subject to pedestrian traffic is that it can withstand extreme weather and protects your building envelope better than many other options out there. Duradek does not require any on-going maintenance to keep performing, and once installed its waterproofing performance is warrantied for 10 years.

If you have a flat roof deck that needs waterproofing attention talk to one of our experienced Duradek installers near you.

For California, Texas and all other U.S. states, contact our Duradek U.S. Head Office at duradekus@duradek.com or use our ‘find a dealer’ locator.



Wednesday, November 4, 2015

Vinyl Decking – Understanding the Difference in Backing Types

There are 3 different types of backing for vinyl decking…each with their own unique advantages and disadvantages. If manufactured by a reputable company, each type can have roofing approval and each type is perfectly suitable for your deck.

What is actually more important than the type of backing on the vinyl is the quality of the contractor installing it.

As the saying goes … “A bad Contractor can screw up even the best of products.”

There is a woven cloth backing, a non-woven backing (referred to as fuzzy-backed), and a PVC backed product. A good contractor will be able to do a good job with any of these three backing types.



Characteristics of Each Backing Type

Download “Compare Membrane Backing Options” (296 KB .pdf) for an overview of the following information.



Woven Back – Type 3 (non-embedded fabric) Class B (exposed roofing) Membrane

Adhesion – Adhesive sticks well to woven backing and contact adhesives used allow for a wide window of application in all seasons (but be aware contact adhesives are product specific and not available “off the shelf”).

Heat Welding – Manufactured with a solid color throughout which helps create a solid “bleed out”. The fabric backing melts away to create a strong vinyl-to-vinyl weld. Welding results exceed industry standards, but requires more skill to master installation techniques.

Details – Fabric backing can be removed and vinyl easily manipulated for successful detailing. Standard details are easily attainable without extra preparation or expensive, pre-manufactured details.

Other – Easier to work with in hot weather with a good combination of strength and elasticity. Because skill for installation is mandatory, Duradek (followed by some other manufacturers of woven back vinyl) is only sold to trained contractors, and not available to the general public.

Non-Woven Back – Type 3 (non-embedded fabric) Class B (exposed roofing) Membrane

Adhesion – Adhesive sticks well to fibers, and while adhesive is typically less expensive, this backing can “suck up” the adhesive so will use more, and sometimes excessive glue will cause bubbles.

Heat Welding – Fibers on the backing can be melted off with the heat gun to allow a vinyl-to-vinyl weld and reasonable welds can be achieved by an experienced applicator. Involves a few more steps as the fuzz has to be “buzzed”, and can take a longer time to master the installation techniques.

Details – Without center reinforcement, it is an easier membrane to detail with, but because the fuzz wicks water, you have to remove it or saturate the cut exposed ends at flashings, drains, etc. with glue.

Other – It is usually a less expensive system, but if there is any waterproofing breach in the membrane, water can wick though the fibers (if not properly coated with adhesive) causing rot. Depending on the substrate, repositioning the membrane can be difficult as it will stick like Velcro to rough plywood, when without being glued. In hot weather, the vinyl will “creep” when being smoothed out during application. It is often sold as a “cash & carry” product so available to untrained individuals.

PVC Back – Type 4 (embedded fabric) Class B (exposed roofing) Membrane

Adhesive – Adhesive is typically expensive and there is no second chance if weld area is contaminated with glue. Contact adhesive has a short “working window” making it difficult to use in bad weather or off-season.

Heat Welding – The weld is strong as there is no fabric barrier and it is the easiest to master installation techniques; however different coloured ply makes for bad “bleed out” on welds.

Details – Center reinforced vinyl is more difficult to bend for detailing. Due to the difficulty to adopt to 90˚ bends, PVC metal and pre-made corner boots are required for proper waterproofing detailing.

Other – Because of its conventional “roofing” construction, it is the preferred membrane of some specifiers, but as a deck surface has some disadvantages such as a higher chance of delamination and it is difficult to hide sub-surface blemishes due to the hard surface. Additionally, UV/Mildew inhibitors are only on the top ply where in fabric backed membranes it goes all the way through the PVC.

https://www.duradek.com/_customelements/uploadedResources/VinylBackComparison_online.pdf

“Compare Membrane Backing Options” (296 KB .pdf) for an easy-to-follow overview.
Download

To be referred to a Duradek vinyl decking expert in your area about your specific decking needs, contact us to request a free, no-obligation estimate.

Wednesday, October 28, 2015

Top 6 Deck Building Design Features of 2015

Deck building design demands for 2015 highlighted a consistent preference of features for new decks and deck remodels. The most noteworthy deck building products at the 2015 International Builders Show and Deck Expo included features to meet those demands and deck building professionals have no shortage of products to choose from.

In many cases, it takes 2 or 3 different products to meet these design objectives, but Duradek is proud to be able to meet these decking demands in one single product solution.

Colorful
A full range of color options is a desirable feature with many new deck building products releasing a selection of earth tones that harmoniously blend outdoor living space with the surrounding environment.

Duradek has over 26 colors with a range of natural hues from subtle neutral tones to sunset and seaside inspired shades. With a range of patterns, this slip-resistant deck surface brings style to virtually any exterior design scheme.

LIGHTness
Lightweight products have been recognized as environmentally advantageous at the latest builders shows, but not at the expense of durability.

Per square foot coverage of Duradek vinyl decking is a very light weight option, needing just the basic structural load bearing requirements (though extra load-bearing considerations should always be taken into account for deck add-ons like fire or water features, planters and hot tubs).

Duradek has an option to compliment virtually
any outdoor design scheme.
 
Keep it COOL
Thermally treated deck building products are making an appearance with new technologies promising higher fire resistance and temperature insulation; but with all new technologies the practical application has yet to be proven and cost may make some of those options a little prohibitive when compared to alternatives.

Deck surfaces that stay cool on the feet can be achieved with Duradek’s lighter color options. When used on 2nd level decks, Duradek provides roof grade protection and a shaded area below. Sun-lovers can enjoy the upper level deck to bask in the rays, while those less tolerant to UV exposure can enjoy the shaded lower level and still enjoy the outdoors, even in the peak of the afternoon sun.
 
NATURALLY Inspired
Subtle, earthy and aged looks are very popular with low-maintenance, decking products. Beyond simply color tones, the naturally inspired looks for manufactured deck building products imitate their natural counterparts in texture as well with faux wood and stone taking popularity polls.

Duradek was a trend setter early on in these faux-natural favorites with the popular 'Cork' pattern that takes on the texture of real cork, and the unique ‘Forest Floor’ pattern taking on the appearance of fossilized leaves. The latest introductions follow this trend with the ‘Legacy’ line that offers a dynamic aggregate pebble option “Pebble Beach”, or the wood grain looks of ‘Barnwood’ and ‘Driftwood’ that emulate the appearance of aged wood - but without any of the maintenance that real wood requires (see the Pebble Beach press release).

The LEGACY line of vinyl featuring: Pebble Beach,
Barnwood and Driftwood

 
MOISTURE Management
One of the most critical features of deck building is moisture management and there are a variety of options available to incorporate into your deck design. Drip-through deck boards can be enhanced with complex spacer-flange systems or trough systems that route water to gutters; and under deck systems can channel water to gutters, sometimes requiring special joists or underlayment. All of those options include many seams, joins or exposed deck elements that may encounter trapped water. This may provide a dry area below, but is not the best method of ensuring the building envelope or structure of the deck is protected from water infiltration and subsequent wood rot. (see Dry Below Decks Made Easy Part 1 - Trough vs Top | Part 2 - Below vs Above)

Duradek ‘Cork Natural’ vinyl is a low maintenance deck
surface as well as a roofing membrane to keep it dry below.
Duradek is primarily a waterproofing membrane and moisture management system. In fact, Duradek is a classified roofing membrane in addition to being a pedestrian surface. With 40 years of proven waterproofing details and techniques afforded by the quality pvc membrane and pioneering the vinyl decking industry, Duradek provides a dry area below the deck. It protects the critical junctions between deck and structure and eliminates trapped water, deflecting it away from the structure’s points of vulnerability. Duradek allows the water management and attractive walking surface to be addressed in one single product while many other options require 2 or 3 stages of installation.

Duradek vinyl deck membranes provide roof-grade waterproof
protection for a lower patio and dry storage for outdoor items.
 
On the down LOW MAINTENANCE
Homeowners want to do less maintenance on their decks, leaving more time to enjoy it; thus the popularity of manufactured deck building products like composite decking. While composite decking has come a long way in the last decade, it has not been without a myriad of growing pains. Builders and home owners have had to absorb the majority of the cost on failed products as they mature (see When Choosing a Building Product, "New" Does Not Always Mean Better).

Duradek forged the way for low-maintenance manufactured deck building products with its sheet vinyl for waterproofing decks and balconies over 40 years ago. The durable pvc never needs any maintenance or reapplication and will continue to perform its waterproofing function for decades. And unlike many composite products or other vinyl products, Duradek is the only vinyl manufacturer to offer a written appearance warranty to protect home owners from excessive discoloration. While UV exposure will always eventually cause fading over time, Duradek stands up to UV exposure exponentially better than other comparable products and its 5 year appearance warranty backs it up.
 
TRIED and TRUE
After more than 40 years leading the vinyl decking industry, Duradek knows waterproofing details. Because waterproofing details are so critical to the longevity of your deck, Duradek is available only through a network of trained and authorized dealers.

To request a free estimate on your decking project, contact a Duradek Installer in your area and trust the proven performance of Duradek vinyl decking for your deck building projects.

Wednesday, October 21, 2015

Vancouver Home & Design Show 2015 Starts Tomorrow

The much-anticipated annual Vancouver Home & Design Show begins tomorrow at a new home this year, leaving its former location of BC Place Stadium for the new location at the Vancouver Convention Center West from October 22 - 25, 2015.
Just in time for nesting season, the Vancouver Home & Design Show is packed full of ideas, inspiration and resources to make your home the perfect combination of comfort, style and functionality for whatever your lifestyle desires.

Transform your deck or patio with one of
Duradek's hot new colours like
Legacy Driftwood.
Many of us desire a really great deck or other outdoor living space that does not require a lot of work or expense to maintain, so that is why you should stop by the Duradek booth #122.

Duradek and its superior method of deck waterproofing by trained installers may be the most important exhibitor you visit if you've got a decking project in your future. Now is the perfect time to begin your research on your deck renovation. Duradek professional installers with their detailed waterproofing experience are in high demand, and many people who look for their expertise in the busy spring and summer months are disappointed with longer than anticipated wait times. Act now so that you can have your beautiful new deck built and ready for your enjoyment next spring...or even get that second level deck covered in Duradek this fall so through the rainy winter months you've got a dry, protected area below.

But there's a lot more to see at the Vancouver Home & Design Show than just finding your perfect decking solution...

Highlights at the 2014 Vancouver Home & Design Show

In addition to visiting Duradek at the Home and Design Show, here are some of the highlights you might want to include in your visit:
  • Opening Night Soiree where you can win prizes and mingle with some of the top talent in Vancouver's design scene.
  • HGTV Main Stage appearances with celebrity guests like W-Networks Jillian Harris & Todd Talbot.
  • Junior Chef Challenge
  • The BC Hydro Dream Home
  • The Upcycling Challenge
  • Ask a Designer
  • ...and much more!

Show Hours

  • Thursday, Oct. 22nd: 4:00 p.m. - 9:00 p.m.
  • Friday, Oct. 23rd: noon - 9:00 p.m.
  • Saturday, Oct. 24th: 10:00 a.m. - 9:00 p.m.
  • Sunday, Oct. 25th 10:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.
Did you Know...
Visit Duradek at Booth #122
You may not be focused on your decks and balconies as rainy season descends on the Greater Vancouver region, but now is the time you will start to discover if you've got any water leak issues.

Don't let avoiding your deck waterproofing turn into larger, more expensive renovations down the road. If you’ve got any questions about deck waterproofing, this could be the most important stop you make at the Vancouver Home & Design Show.

Duradek has been waterproofing decks, balconies and roof top decks for over 40 years and is proud to bring you the waterproofing expertise needed for your outdoor living space. Take a moment to discuss Duradek’s excellent warranty with one of our specially trained and authorized installers.

We hope to see you there!

Monday, October 5, 2015

The Cost of Vinyl Decking Promises vs Proven Performance

When evaluating vinyl deck membrane choices before you purchase for your decking project, it is important to consider if you are buying proven performance or potential promises.

While the most important job of vinyl decking is actually waterproofing the deck and protecting the building envelope of the home, nobody wants to be left with an unattractive deck after a couple years of use.

All vinyl scuffs to some degree under certain conditions…as does wood, composite deck boards, even concrete. In fact almost everything we walk on scuffs, marks or fades over time. This is the inevitable, realistic result of a ‘wear surface’; particularly with decks under constant exposure to the elements. And anything under constant exposure to the elements will age to some degree.

Yes, long term results should be taken into consideration...BUT - be careful not to forgo the long term protection of a proven product with an appearance warranty for short term promises of “scuff resistance” that may have unexpected and unwelcome appearance issues over time.

Performance-Promise
Historically, clear protective top coats on deck vinyl have been a real issue and more than one company has had to replace many decks when their clear coat surface failed. In fact, not all companies that went through the experience were able to survive it.

Now once again, some companies are offering a “Scuff Resistant” clear top coat, but it has only been on the market a relatively short time and it offers no Appearance Warranty!!

Since clear top coats have historically been a problem on plastics under constant UV exposure, how do you determine how well a product will stand up in 10 years when it has only been on the market half that time? You enlist the services of an accredited testing agency like Atlas Material Testing Services that perform UV exposure tests to help answer that question.

We've talked a lot about clear top coats over the past couple of years because of our decades of experience and repeatedly witnessing the undesirable results of failed clear top coats. That is because we really want to drive home TWO very important facts.

1 - Accelerated Weather Testing shows that the currently available clear top coats that are in the marketplace today will very likely experience extreme appearance issues.
 
2 - Not all vinyl decking warranties cover appearance issues. In fact, Duradek Ultra 10 year warranties are the only published warranty we can find that specifically covers appearance issues.
 
Compare the three vinyl sample swatches below. One is Duradek and the other two others are other brands of vinyl decking (one that offers a clear top coat). These samples were tested side by side in the same accelerated UV exposure test.

 
Alarming, isn't it? Almost unbelievable, so these products were not just tested once, but twice…

More Vinyl Decking Accelerated UV Aging Testing Results

The images below show a progression of unaltered test results sults of accelerated UV exposure testing (ASTM G90) of two brands of vinyl deck membranes. The product on top is a vinyl product with a clear top coat. The vinyl on the bottom is the ‘tried and true’ Duradek membrane with a 40 year history and an appearance warranty. The 2nd test included multiple product comparisons, and all those with a clear top coat exhibited the same failed results.

Download the images of the test result swatches in .pdf format:

Test #1 - AQ31696 - June 2012
Progression Sequence (644.2 kb .pdf) | Single Sample vs. Control (1.16 MB .pdf)

 Vinyl Deck Weathering Tests - New clear coat vs. 40 year history

Test #2 - AQ32825 - June 2013 Progression Sequence (663.6 kb .pdf) | Single Sample vs. Control (792 KB .pdf)  

Vinyl Deck Weathering Tests - New clear coat vs. 40 year history.

Test #2b - AQ32825 - June 2013 Progression Sequence (607.5 kb .pdf) | Single Sample vs. Control (693 KB .pdf)  

Vinyl Deck Weathering Tests - New clear coat vs. 40 year history.


Innovation is a great thing, but if you don’t want to gamble on your project and money invested, be sure to use a product that has a proven performance history.

To speak to a Duradek professional in your area to bring Duradek’s 40 years of performance to your projects, contact a Duradek dealer in your area.

Useful Resources:

Time, Tested and Approved (.pdf)
Before You Buy, Consider This (.pdf)
History of Clear Top Coats (.pdf)

Related Posts:

When Choosing a Building Product, “New” Does Not Always Mean Better
Vinyl Deck Membranes Appearance Promises vs. Appearance Warranty

Monday, September 28, 2015

Happy Vinyl Decking Customer Shares Story with Duradek

There is nothing more important to any business than a happy customer.

At Duradek, we take pride in the excellent quality of our deck vinyl; and that we have built a brand reputation so reliable that “Duradek” is often used synonymously to describe all vinyl decking.

We also know that no matter how good a vinyl decking product is manufactured, it must be installed with the expertise of a skilled professional trained in the specific details required for effective deck waterproofing to be completely reliable. A unique combination of deck building, roofing and floor laying skills all contribute to the professional installation techniques of a Duradek installer.

It is this combination of a superior product and professional installation that keeps Duradek the leading brand of vinyl decking in North America.

Below is an unedited letter from a recent Duradek customer that details how an unsatisfactory past experience with his deck was able to be turned around when he contacted Duradek. It is summed up nicely with the statement, “The deck is finished and it looks really awesome and I am extremely happy.”, but his story below will tell you why….

Letter to Duradek - September 14, 2015

Good Day and to whom it concerns;

Back in 2014 I contacted your head office and asked for a dealer or installer in my area. I reside in North Bay ON. I was given the name of a Mr. Jim Simpson (at Raildek in Ontario), and this raildekoffice@gmail.com as his e-mail address. I then contacted Mr. Simpson, who sent me to a Mr. Pete Larocque of Deck World North.

Short history, I had a really nice deck built or so I thought, less than 2 years and it was leaking and ruining my house. The other company would not honour their warranty because it was not installed by one of their people, but I bought the product from a store that they sell it at and installed by a person highly recommended by that store. The deck project, which he promised, would be 3 weeks took 15 weeks to finish. First spring it leaked worse than a sieve. So I am somewhat jaded towards contractors. So I called the head office in BC to get a local contractor and that is how I ended up dealing with Mr. Larocque.

When a deck is situated over living space, leaks are unacceptable.

My next and natural question is where do you find these people that you employ and take the time to train into representing your company, they wear your logo on their clothing, they have the logo on their vehicles.

I knew things were not the same as with the other contractor when your people showed up on the correct day, at the correct time and with all their supplies. They also put in a very full long day of work. They did not let a sudden and cold shower slow them down. The second day once again at the correct time and they did a full days work. Third day dawned and they were once more on time, I was impressed. The third day was actually a short day. The deck is finished and it looks really awesome and I am extremely happy.

Duradek Forest Floor vinyl deck installed by Deck World North.

I was somewhat not happy that Mr. Larocque would not let me help and he kept me sitting down. I was not even allowed to tidy up my own deck. He and his partner, Marcel did everything. They both kept telling me to go and watch TV. They left and there was no clean up to do, all the trash and such were removed from the site.

People are quick to call to complain but few are willing to take the time to send a note and say how happy they are with the results of the people employed by anyone, but you folks at Dura Deck should be extremely proud of the way they represent your company by doing an exceptional job, which they did and this will do nothing short to ensure that the reputation of Dura Deck is maintained and broadened. I want to thank Pete and Marcel for going above and beyond the scope of their work and making my deck another room in the house and for their prompt and excellent work. Even if they did not let me do anything.

Mr. Andy R

Thank you, Andy, for sharing your Duradek experience. We hope you enjoy your low-maintenance deck for decades!

For those of you with decking projects on the horizon, before you make your final decision, be sure to talk to a Duradek installer in your area to discover the Duradek difference.

Duradek vinyl decking provides low-maintenance waterproof protection.

Wednesday, September 23, 2015

Stamped Concrete Roof Deck Question to Expert Leads to Duradek’s Ultra Tiledek

Home Improvement expert Shell Busey has been advising BC home owners for decades on how to best maintain and improve their homes.  A question on a stamped concrete roof deck was raised this summer and was featured in the Vancouver Province Newspaper Q&A Feature ‘Ask Shell’.

Shell, who is very familiar with roof deck waterproofing solutions from a long relationship with Duradek as one of his House Smart Referral Certified products summed it up succinctly with “…always use Duradek Tiledek.”

Vancouver Province Clipping - June 2015

The Q&A article in Ask Shell “Remedying a leak on stucco”, was as follows:

Q: I have an above-ground deck half over my garage and half over the driveway. The deck has a torch down covering with stamped concrete on top.

The problem is that the deck leaks at the seam where it meets the stucco side of the house.

It is a slow leak, but I do not want to end up having damage to the stucco.

I have put caulking along the seam; it sticks well to the stucco, but not the concrete. Is there a better product I can use?

A: It sounds as though the contractor did not install a metal counter flashing when the deck was built.

A 90-degree metal counter flashing could have been cut into the stucco and placed under the concrete decking to give the best water seal.

You might still be able to have a flashing installed by a professional service trade.

In the meantime, you may want to try a polyurethane caulking, which will stick to both types of surfaces. LePage Quad-max would be a good choice.

(Note: Do not use torch down roofing membrane under concrete; always use Duradek Tiledek.)


Tildek membranes protect the are below from leaks.


Reliable Waterproofing of Tiledek Membranes for Roof Decks Using Pavers

It is a very common scenario that roof decks surfaced with tiles or pavers result in leaks into the home below, but fortunately it is a problem that Tiledek can remedy.

Only a couple of years after Tiledek’s  introduction, TileLetter Magazine featured an article “Waterproofing Makes All The Difference In Dual Level Decks” to show how effectively Tiledek solves leak problems under exterior tile decks.

Like all Duradek membranes, Tiledek is only installed by trained and authorized contractors who are familiar with Duradek’s superior methods of reliable waterproofing. Critical areas like where the deck meets the house are addressed with Detailed Drawings for installers to reference to ensure the building envelope is protected.

In Duradek’s installation best practices, the membrane runs up the vertical wall about 6 inches and is overlapped by the moisture barrier for 2 inches to ensure that the inside perimeter, or “seam” between deck and side of the house, cannot allow any moisture to infiltrate.


Tiledek Detail Drawing IS-1T
Tiledek Detail Drawing IS-1T

For more information on how Tiledek can ensure you avoid leaks under tile or pavers on your rood deck projects, check out the Tiledek section our website or contact us to be referred to an authorized installer in your area.

Check out these Tiledek Case Histories for more examples!

Tuesday, September 8, 2015

The Most Professional Advantages Under One Roof for Deck Builders and Remodelers

Remodeling Show | Deck Expo | JLC Live (R|D|J) 2015 – Oct. 1 -2

Known as the event that raises the bar for remodeling and deck building professionals, R|D|J is an annual trade-only residential construction mega-event that provides remodelers, deck builders and other industry professionals with all the resources they need to be the leaders in their trade.

This year the show takes place in Chicago at Navy Pier with education sessions running from September 28th to October 2nd and a lively Exhibit Hall on October 1st & 2nd. In addition to the hundreds of exhibitors, the exhibit hall features LIVE installation clinics presented by leading industry professionals, interactive, hands-on workshops and instructional exhibitor-led product demonstrations.

You will find Duradek at booth #2218 where you can talk with Duradek sales manager, Kevin MacMillan about the superior waterproofing performance of Duradek vinyl decking membranes. Be sure to take a look at the latest vinyl colors offered in the new Legacy line and ask about the revolutionary Panorama Universal Post – the most versatile topless glass railing system available. You may also get to speak with Duradek president John Ogilvie who pioneered the vinyl decking industry and has dedicated the last 4 decades to mastering the nuances professional installation techniques of this unique, multi-functional deck building product solution.

John Ogilvie is not the only decking industry professional to learn from at the 2015 R|D|J show. This year, the North America Deck and Railing Association (NADRA) is presenting a fantastic education session for Deck Evaluation and Inspection. After a year of multiple deck collapses that resulted in a range of minor to fatal injuries, the evaluation course is a must-attend for home inspectors and a huge advantage for deck builders conducting initial estimates on job sites for deck renovation or remodeling projects.

ND12 - Deck Evaluation/ Inspection Certification Class for Home Inspectors
Thursday, October 1 8:00 am – 12:00 pm

The Deck Evaluation / Inspection Certification program will allow the home inspector the opportunity to employ the ability to safely inspect a deck using the NADRA Deck Evaluation checklist. The NADRA Deck Evaluation checklist has been developed specifically for home inspectors as a comprehensive tool to be used to properly assess the safety issues of a deck. After the program the home inspector will understand how to analyze the following deck components and issues and more;
  • Stairs Footings and Posts Joists
  • Joist Connections
  • Girders Ledger Connections
  • Deck Boards
  • Handrail Assemblies and Guards
  • Recognize proper and improper fasteners
  • Assess hardware or material corrosion
  • Review of the safety standards of all (decks, stairs, guards) structures
  • 4-hour Presentation For Home Inspectors
The course will be presented by Jim Mailey who is the Midwest, Northeast and Mid-Atlantic market training manager for Simpson Strong-Tie—a company that manufactures structural connectors, prefabricated shearwall panels and other fastening products that reinforce the frame of homes and decks. Jim has given hundreds of presentations to more than 15,000 design professionals, building officials, builders, contractors and dealers. He has developed numerous programs designed to educate building inspectors, builders and contractors on how to install Simpson Strong-Tie products as well as how these products meet various building code requirements. Jim is considered an expert in safe, outdoor wood deck construction and provides economical product solutions to satisfy structural code requirements for wood decks.

Not All Work…

Remodeling Show, Deck Expo, JLC Live is packed full of professional advantages for construction industry professionals, but its not all work… R|D|J offers some fantastic social networking opportunities as well. Events like the Welcome Party, NAHB Event, Pub Crawl and other fun events take place throughout the week.

Your Invitation to Deck Expo | Remodeling Show | JLC Live

Don’t miss your chance to visit the windy city to attend the ultimate platform for face-to-face networking with manufacturers, distributors and representatives of all sizes displaying products, services and equipment for the remodeling and deck building industries.

Duradek invites you to Register with promo code X52 for complimentary Exhibit Hall Pass ($35 value) and 20% off All-Access Conference Pass. We hope to see you there at booth #2218.

Monday, August 31, 2015

Deck Building Products’ Testing Credentials – 3 Key Considerations

Duradek is proud to offer a building product for your decks that has proven to be reliable in both laboratory testing and actual decking applications in our 40 year history. During those 40 years in use, Duradek has met every single test we must meet to assure you that the products we are offering you meet the building code industry standards.

Since Duradek is both a pedestrian traffic surface as well as a waterproofing membrane, it goes through more than double the testing requirements than either a traffic coating or roofing membrane must undergo independently. These rigorous testing requirements are in place to give you the peace-of-mind that a product as important as one that protects the building envelope of your home is one that you can rely on.




There are few very important factors for you to consider when evaluating a deck building product’s testing credentials:

1 – Is there a 3rd party quality control program in place?

We live in a changing world and what was true a few years ago is not necessarily true today. In some instances, a product has been tested and evaluated as having met building code requirements; but over time manufacturing procedures can change. Duradek is proud to retain the services of Quality Auditing Institute to maintain a 3rd party quality control program. With this quality control program in place, Duradek can confidently assure you that we continually meet the same high standards as we did when our product was tested to show we meet current building code requirements.

2 – Is the product merely listed with an evaluation service or actually tested by the evaluation service?

Some third-party evaluation services offer the option for a Product Listing which is different from a Product Evaluation. While these are presented in a very similar manner, they are quite different.

The major difference between an evaluation report and a listing is that a listing will cover an individual trait that requires compliance with a specific, existing individual standard; where an evaluation will show a review of the product and the multiple traits needed to meet or be an equivalent to what is required in the code; particularly in instances where no specific code exists.”

According to the National Research Council of Canada which governs the CCMC, “An evaluation report is CCMC’s technical opinion on the compliance of a product or system to a code, primarily the National Building Code of Canada (NBC). It applies mainly to innovative products for which there are no specific standards that have been referenced in the code. The product is evaluated as an “alternative” solution. An evaluation listing is a technical statement indicating that a product complies with a specific standard. This service is specific only to products that have standards.”

What is important for you to note in this case when evaluating vinyl deck membranes, is that there is no existing specific standard for 'walkable roofing membranes'. The National Building Codes only acknowledge roofing membranes...there is no sub-group for 'walkable' roofing membranes - yet.  So this is where the evaluation services come in to create criteria that addresses both
1 – a walkable deck membrane; and
2 - a roofing membrane.

Any vinyl deck membrane that offers a CCMC Listing has submitted testing criteria to show it meets requirements of only a roofing membrane which means it was not evaluated as a walkable roof deck membrane. Additionally, a product that is listed does not have to keep a 3rd party quality control program in place.

Duradek Ultra vinyl deck membrane holds a current CCMC Report (CCMC 13134-R) showing that we meet the requirements of BOTH a pedestrian traffic coating and a roofing membrane and is under a third-party Quality Control program.

3 – Is the product evaluation you are reviewing the results for the actual product you are purchasing?

One more thing to be aware of is a basic bait-and-switch tactic where you might be initially presented with product test evaluations for a brand’s premium product, but then you are quoted on a value brand that has not been held to the same high standards. Be sure to verify that the product you are actually getting is the one that has the product testing and evaluations to prove it meets building code requirements.

The Takeaway on Deck Building Products Testing Credentials

While testing and evaluation reports may not be a favorite source of reading material, be sure to carefully review the tests and evaluations when choosing a new building product. Know what the product is tested to meet and know that the test results you review apply to the product you are purchasing.

Most importantly, choose a product that incorporates a 3rd party quality control program to ensure that products tested, and their manufacturing process, maintain consistency for the measure of quality it was evaluated to comply with.

Useful Resources: (.pdf download links)