Things to Plan for When Considering Tiles for Your Roof Deck

Flat roof decks are a great way to maximize outdoor living space. Outdoor tile is a popular choice as the finished pedestrian surface on roof decks, much to the dismay of some contractors who immediately consider tile roof decks a problem project. Unfortunately, many people who have either had a tile roof deck at their home or contractors who have installed a tile roof deck have had far too much experience with that nasty 4-letter word – LEAK.

This does not have to be the case!

There are several success stories with beautiful tile decks situated over living space where leaks are not (or are no longer) an issue.

 As Rich Bergman, decking professional and editor on DecksGo.com says, “Waterproof deck tiles can be installed in some (flat roof) cases but I would not recommend you try this unless you have started from the very beginning with this in mind and you are using reliable systems like this one by Duradek.”

Important Considerations for a Tile Roof Deck

If you are building a deck surface on an existing flat roof, you may have challenges that will dictate whether or not a tile deck is something you can realistically add.

#1 – Is the structure able to support the weight of a tile deck system?

Tiles are heavy. If the structure is not engineered to support the weight of the tile assembly you are better off using an exposed pedestrian membrane system like the original Duradek membrane which meets building code and provides both the waterproofing and the walking surface in one single-ply 60 mil membrane and adds very little weight overall.

#2 – Is there enough clearance between deck surface and door threshold?

If there is door access from the interior of the home to the roof deck, there must be adequate clearance from the door threshold to the deck surface to allow enough space for the built-up tile assembly. It is important to remember that it is not just the thickness of your tiles to consider. Before your tiles go down, there is a whole assembly to consider which can include substrate additions, anti-fracture membranes, waterproofing membranes and thin-set mortar. It is important to avoid having your door opening flush with your deck surface so ensure the right amount of clearance has been accounted for.

Using proper assembly and installation techniques make Tiledek
possibly THE most effective waterproofing for tile roof decks.

#3 – Is there adequate slope for water drainage?

It is imperative that water routing be considered in your roof deck plans. Whether that means the slope runs to the edge of the building to drain off of the roof and away from the building or that the slope runs to a central spot on the roof to a drainage system, the water must go somewhere. If there is no slope and no drainage, there is going to be pooling water which can be a problem no matter what type of waterproofing products you choose to use. Even a preferred product like Tiledek roof membrane for under outdoor tiles needs slope built into the plans. If you are starting with a non-sloped flat roof surface, you can still install a tile roof deck if the first two points (structural load and door threshold clearance) are addressed and by using a system that utilizes tapered sleepers which can provide the slope you need for water drainage.

#4 – Do you have a reliable waterproofing membrane?

As mentioned in the introduction, unless you have a reliable waterproofing system you should be very cautious about outdoor tile decks over living space. Waterproof roofing membranes are essential and the unique Tiledek roofing membrane is designed specifically for best use with thin-set mortar for laying outdoor tiles. In addition, third-party evaluations and meeting building code requirements along with a solid product warranty are important factors in a product’s reliability.

Tile roof decks can be worry free with the right waterproofing
solutions like Duradek's Tiledek membrane.

Keeping these points in mind will go a long way in helping you with your roof deck plans. No matter what type of roof deck system you choose to go with, Duradek has the waterproofing solution for you.

Duradek – Exposed roofing membrane for pedestrian traffic

Tiledek – Under tile roofing membrane

Plazadek – Roofing membrane for floating systems

To learn more about Duradek for your project, you can find an authorized Duradek installer in your area.

The First TISE (Surfaces) East Show in Miami Starts Today

The International Surfaces Event (TISE) makes its inaugural debut in Miami this week as TISE East opens it's exhibit doors for the very first time today.

TISE combines three world-class trade shows creating the ultimate event essential to flooring, stone and tile professionals by combining Surfaces, Stone Expo / Marmomacc Americas and Tile Expo. These top flooring industry shows have successfully combines to create the ultimate Surfaces Event and has historically been held in Las Vegas, but now The International Surfaces Event  brings the industry's biggest show to the south east.

TISE East takes place at the Miami Convention Center (Hall C & D) with education sessions beginning October 19th and exhibits from October 20th - 22nd. Attracting installers, architects, designers, builders, contractors, restoration pros, distributors and retailers the show offers plenty of not-to-miss information. There are 4-days of the newest products, hands-on demos and inspiring trends presented by key manufacturers and industry suppliers. Not to mention excellent networking and education opportunities.

Be sure to visit Duradek at booth #2520. If you have any involvement in exterior surfaces, particularly decks over habitable space, this could be the most important stop you make at the show. Duradek president John Ogilvie and Duradek Sales Manager Kevin MacMillan are both incredibly knowledgeable in the area of deck and roof deck waterproofing and can answer all of the questions you have on this specialty trade.



Duradek President John Ogilvie and Sales Manager Kevin MacMillan
at Surfaces in Las Vegas.

Duradek Educates on the Live Demo Stage

You can find the experts of Duradek at the Live Demo Stage at TISE East today, Monday Oct 20th at 3:30 p.m. presenting a demo titled "Exterior Flooring Options for Patios, Decks and Flat Roofs - How and Why it Works". This demo with highlight the advantages of membrane waterproof surfaces and the different options of waterproof deck and roof deck membranes like the Duradek walkable vinyl membrane that provides both the waterproofing and the walking surface in one single-ply application. However for exterior tile deck or roof deck surfaces, the waterproofing factor is often overlooked but it is critical for contractors or tile layers to have a reliable waterproofing membrane to ensure the most reliable results for exterior tile projects.

Duradek Ultra Tiledek is the most effective solution for waterproofing under exterior tile projects and is ICC approved for use as a roofing membrane. Manufactured with a textured surface for best adhesion of thin set mortar for outdoor tile projects like tile decks and tile roof decks, Tiledek has proven to be a successful and reliable method of resolving trouble tile decks after many other unsuccessful methods failed.

Tiledek is a popular choice for the celebrity builders who need a reliable method of waterproofing under tile and pavers. Check out this Case History #136 from a project on HGTVs Builder Boss where Tiledek was used to waterproof a deck over subterranean living space and this article about an HGTV Income Property episode that used Tiledek to save their project from a  relentless water infiltration issue from an improperly waterproofed porch.

TISE East Show Features

• Numerous Seminars, Workshops and Mini-Sessions  in subject specific tracks
• Live Demo Stage
• The Cage (live demos by Stone Fabricators Alliance)
• Social Learning Lab
• Artisan Avenue (includes non-flooring related remodeling products)
• Product Marketplace
• Social Learning Lab
• Distributor and VIP Lounge
• and more!

We hope that if you in or around the Miami area and are planning to attend The International Surfaced Event East that we will see you there! Remember to plan to stop at Duradek's booth #2520 while you are at TISE East.

If you are situated a little more northerly, you can find Duradek later this week at Remodeling Show | Deck Expo in Baltimore (October 22 - 24). Visit the professionals of Duradek MidAtlantic at booth #3313

If you can't make it to either of these great shows and would like to inquire about PVC membrane waterproofing for your decking and roof deck projects, contact a Duradek professional near you.

After 40 years of reliable deck waterproofing and the creator of the walkable waterproof membrane industry, Duradek is your go-to resource for reliable, long-lasting and low maintenance deck surfaces.

What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek: Part 4 – Stacking the Deck

originally published September 24, 2012

In this four-part series of detailed questions about Duradek Ultra Tiledek membranes we first familiarized you with Tiledek, discussed the alternative methods of waterproofing under exterior tile and why Tiledek is the stand-out option for doing it right the first time and guaranteeing that your deck waterproofing performs as intended.

In this fourth and final part of our Tiledek series of articles we will discuss how to first prepare your deck surface to achieve waterproofing success.

How do you build a deck to make it is ready for tile?

A major cause of failure of tile over decks and balconies is that the structure to which it is applied allows too much deflection.  Tile has little tolerance for deflection.  Cracking grout lines or tile is the result of deflection. 

Deflection (the spring or give of the deck surface) is a product of the joist spacing and thickness of the flooring materials.  The Terrazzo, Tile and Marble Association of Canada (TTMAC) specification for flooring under tile or slate is as follows:
¾ inch plywood fastened with 2” #10 Exterior wood screws @6” oc @ perimeter and 8” oc @ joists covered with ½ inch cement board secured with thinset and fasteners. (The deck must have slope built in – suggested slope ¼” per foot)

The use of a cement board overlay is required/recommended by tile associations and manufacturers.  Cement board, unlike plywood, is not affected by varying levels of moisture.

We strongly recommend that decks be built to this specification.  For the money that is being invested in the whole system, it would seem unwise to scrimp on the subsurface.  In case of a failure (cracking), the first thing anyone will look at (and blame it on) is whether the floor was strong enough and provided the necessary deflection resistance.

Concrete decks and balconies are suitable for tile application but still require proper waterproofing or roofing protection.

We recommend you follow the local best practice guidelines as laid out by the Tile Contractors Association of TTMAC or the building code. There may be regional differences in the suggested use of cement board or a second layer of plywood. As with all the details involved with a tile deck over a wood structure, you should follow the tile and thinset mortar manufacturer’s specifications.

Can tile be applied over an existing vinyl deck?

Most existing deck surfaces (PVC membrane or liquid applied finishes) are applied to 5/8 inch or ¾ inch plywood and therefore are not suitable for a tile overlay without some stiffening to reduce the deflection.  The vinyl could be removed (possibly leaving the existing vinyl up the wall behind the siding and building paper), the floor stiffened with the appropriate thickness of cement board and the Tiledek installed over top (special details will be published for this).

There is another system that can be used to stiffen the existing structure.  Schluter’s ditra mat can be installed over top of Tiledek (with thinset) and then the tile can be installed over top of Ditra.  The Ditra mat stiffens the floor system to an appropriate level to provide for residential use of tile.  We have tested this system with the Robinson Floor test and achieved a “residential” result. 

Should you protect Tiledek until the tile is applied?

Like all products installed on a construction site, Tiledek is susceptible to damage from other trades, scaffolding, paint, stucco, materials or tools being dropped from above or other abuse.  Although Tiledek is very tough (as we know from Duradek) and can take a lot of abuse, it is always wise to protect it especially in heavy traffic areas or areas which are most likely to be damaged.  Covering it with a protection board (plywood, recovery board etc) will save time and effort cleaning the Tiledek to prepare it for accepting the tile overlay.  A layer of polyethylene under the panels will protect the membrane from liquids (paints etc). Another method of protection would be to trowel apply directly to the Tiledek a thin coating of the same thinset material that will be used to apply the tile or stone overlay. 

How do you clean Tiledek if necessary?

If Tiledek has been left exposed to traffic and construction debris and needs to be cleaned, it can be cleaned easily and effectively.  Pressure washing with a light (1500 psi) spray with the nozzle no closer than 6 inches from the surface will work well.  The surface can also be washed and lightly scrubbed with a bristle broom and hosed off.

Does the surface need to be sloped?

Yes!  Sound roofing/waterproofing practice needs to be employed even when tile is applied over top.  We operate on the expectation of water getting through the tile installation.  Our membrane will be applied to a surface sloped towards drains, scuppers or an outside edge which allows the water to escape. 

Moisture will still run downhill, even under tile applications.  This can happen without negatively affecting the bond of the thinset mortar to the tile or the membrane.

We recommend the seams of the Tiledek run parallel to the slope to avoid any water puddling up behind the bump.

Can a flat waterproof surface be re-sloped with a thickset application technique?

While it is possible to provide a slope with the thickset mortar, there are other problems to consider.  If the waterproof membrane is flat or allows water to puddle on it, providing a sloped mortar bed will NOT remove all the water from the deck.  Although most of the moisture will drain off the top surface, water WILL enter under the tile through cracks in the grout joints, cracks in the tile or on perimeters.  The water that enters will follow the slope of the waterproofing membrane.  If it puddles before the thickset mortar goes on, it will still puddle after the tile job is completed.  The water will then just sit in a puddle and stagnate, potentially causing mould and an unpleasant odor to occur.
If you want to take a belly or depression out of the deck surface, it must be done prior to the Tiledek being installed. Since water will not penetrate Tiledek, if the depression has been eliminated any water reaching it will be shed away.

Water testing before the Overlay is Applied

We recommend a water test be done after the Tiledek is installed and prior to the overlay being applied.

Conclusion

If you have read all four parts of this series of articles on Tiledek and waterproofing methods for exterior tile projects, you are well equipped to ask all of the right questions to all parties involved in the construction of a reliable and long-lasting outdoor tile deck.

At Duradek we believe that your deck should be a source of pleasure, not stress, and we encourage all home owners and builders to ensure they do it right the first time….do it with Duradek Ultra Tiledek.

What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek: Part 3- Installation

originally published on September 17, 2012

In part one of this four-part series of detailed questions about Duradek Ultra Tiledek membranes we first familiarized you with Tiledek and the necessity of having a reliable waterproof system under your outdoor tile decks and the typical methods of installing outdoor tile.

In part two, we discussed the alternative methods of waterproofing under exterior tile, and why Tiledek is the superior choice.

In this third part of this series we will expand on why Tiledek is the stand-out option for doing it right the first time and guaranteeing that your deck waterproofing performs as intended.

How is Tiledek installed?

Tiledek is installed using almost identical techniques to the installation of Duradek. We use the same adhesives, heat welded seams, and waterproofing details. There are a few finish details that differ due to the tile that will be installed after we are done. Here are the areas that require different techniques:

Tile Deck with Custom Flashing Details

Outside perimeters: As with regular Duradek, there are many ways to finish the outside perimeter of a tile deck. As water proofers, we need to establish what “look” the owner wants to be able to advise them properly. You should consult with both the builder and the tile setter to discuss the perimeter finish details. Depending upon their desired finish, we can alter our detailing. This is an area where we can offer our customers excellent service and help them make good waterproofing decisions while taking all the future steps they will go through into consideration. Our attention to these details contributes to the overall success of the job.

Drains: Should drains be necessary, we cannot use our regular WDD1 system. We recommend a special cast drain with a square top to make it easier and more attractive for the tile applicator to finish to.

Rail attachments: We strongly recommend attaching rails to the fascia instead of the surface of the deck. DO NOT INSTALL RAILS OVER TOP OF TILE AS IT WILL CAUSE THE OVERLAY TO CRACK. We have special details for surface mounted rails if there is no other alternative.

Proper installation required running the membrane
up the wall and "cut-in" to the brick.

Inside perimeter: If the owner wants the tile to return up the wall as part of their finished look, appropriate flashings are needed. If not, then consideration must be given to the visibility of the part of the membrane that returns up the wall and hiding the gap that must be left on the inside of the tile application.

Surface preparation: Apart from a thorough inspection for a properly fastened substrate, there is little prep work necessary. A light sanding of the joints of the cement board or a scraping of the entire surface to take care of any bumps will suffice. No filling is required.

Who installs Tiledek?

Tiledek can only be installed by a qualified Duradek applicator who has gone through our training program and who works for an authorized Duradek applicating contractor. That is how we can give our customers superior protection in making sure it is done right.

Do we recommend tile installations in cold climates?

We do not profess to be tile experts. Manufacturers of the tile and the installation accessories must answer this question. We are waterproofing professionals. We can protect the structure from water damage no matter how hot or cold or wet the climate is. And we can provide a membrane to which thinset mortars will tenaciously adhere. We cannot (and do not) guarantee tiles will not erupt as a result of freezing temperatures but we can (and do) guarantee the water that gets under the tile will not get into the building.

There are currently countless decks and balconies in cold climates being overlaid with tile. People like the look and are going to continue to use it regardless of if it is a good idea. Our part is to make sure they don’t suffer water damage.

Is Tiledek an Anti Fracture Membrane?

Example of Tiledek Assembly Build Up

Tiledek will add a very small amount of fracture resistance to the system but should not be purchased as an anti-fracture membrane. Because it is glued to the subsurface, movement beneath the Tiledek membrane may transfer through into the tile.

Will an anti-fracture membrane eliminate the need for a control joint?

It is a frequent misconception that anti-fracture membranes allow you to eliminate expansion joints - they do not. There always must be soft joints in the tile work to allow for expansion and contraction. Guidelines for expansion joint placement are given in the Tile Council of North America Handbook. The exact placement of expansion joints is a function of many items including exposure to sunlight and the range of high to low temperature, moisture, aging of the concrete (where relevant), structural movement, expected loading, and other design criteria. It is a common recommendation that there be expansion joints every 8 - 10 feet in any direction. The manufacturer's recommendations should also be consulted and followed.

On ¾ inch plywood covered with Tiledek plus a layer of Schluter’s Ditra Mat, we achieved a residential rating.

Summary

Now that you know some of the installation details to consider, check back next week for the final article in our 4-part series, “What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek Waterproof Membrane: Part 4 – Stacking the Deck”.

What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek Waterproof Membrane: Part 2 – The Alternatives

originally published on September 9, 2012

In part one of this four-part series of detailed questions about Duradek Ultra Tiledek membranes we explained what Tiledek is, why waterproofing is essential in outdoor tile applications, specific details on evaluations and testing results on Tiledek as a roofing membrane, and the typical methods of installing outdoor tile.

This week, we will discuss the alternative methods of waterproofing under exterior tile, and why Tiledek is the superior choice.

What does Tiledek compete with?

The answer to this question depends upon the deck being over living quarters or not.  Obviously if it is over living quarters, then the membrane must be a roofing membrane and more importantly, it must be installed with roofing principles in mind.  Should the deck not be over living quarters, there might be no building code requirement that the membrane is a roofing product but the installation details should be no less stringent considering the consequences of leaks.  Water intrusion can cause very expensive damage to the structure and we believe all waterproofing jobs demand the attention of a professional.

For the purposes of this discussion, we will separately deal with roofing and non-roofing applications.

For Roofing purposes:

Torch applied or self-adhering modified bitumen roofing materials:  
Modified Bitumen (MB) is asphalt that has had modifiers added to it to give it plastic or rubber-like properties. The most common types of modifiers being used are APP (Atactic Polypropylene) and SBS (Styrene Butadiene Styrene).

Methods of applying modified bitumen.

Rolls of modified bitumen membrane come in widths of 36" (0.9 m) to approximately 39" (1 m) and cover an area of approximately 100 square feet to 112 square feet.

Modified Bitumen roof systems consist of one, two, or three ply systems. (Base sheets with no cosmetic finish and cap sheets) The cap sheet membranes may be applied using a torch (the back of the sheet has extra asphalt on it which, when heated, bonds to the substrate) or be self adhered (removing a release paper on the back exposes a sticky surface which adheres to the substrate).

Modified bitumen
asphalt Effluence

To the best of our knowledge, none of the manufacturers of Modified Bitumen materials supports tile installations over top of the roof membrane and therefore provide no promise that it works and certainly no guarantee.  In addition, the asphalt in these products is not compatible with the mortar in the thinset or the grout lines and may bleed through causing a discoloration.

More importantly, when the MB softens as it heats up it can be compressed and may allow the tile or the grouting to crack from the movement from traffic on top.  Any product that is designed to have tile installed overtop will have test results from the Robinson test (ASTM C627) to verify it is capable of supporting weight of people and equipment.

See Tiledek Techtalk #106 – 10 Reasons Not to Use Modified Bitumen

Roof membrane plus a thickbed mortar system:

Adhering Duradek Ultra Tiledek

The traditional method of providing roofing protection under tile would be to install a suitable roofing product like PVC, epdm, tpo, modified bitumen or liquid applied urethanes, etc. with a thickbed mortar system on top to which the tile is attached.  (It is important to know whether or not the manufacturer supports the use of their product in an application like this.)  The tile may be “uncoupled” from the mortar bed or the mortar bed uncoupled from the roofing membrane or both.  There may be a drainage layer above the roofing membrane to allow any moisture that gets in to escape along the drainage plane.

This system is very expensive and quite thick (at least 1-½ inches above the membrane).  There may be as many as 7 or 8 layers involved in the system.   For examples of what they may look like, go to www.schluter.com and see their balcony details.

Either Tiledek or Duradek Ultra would make for suitable roofing membranes under this type of system.  Duradek does warranty its product for this application.

Note:  In Canada, on wood framed structures (part 9 of the National Building Code) all decks and balconies are required to use an approved roofing membrane.  

Non-roofing applications
(referred to as “waterproofing” membranes)

The first thing you will notice when researching the products that are available for waterproofing decks and balconies to which tile will be applied is the lack of the word “roofing”.  Most manufacturers of these systems want nothing to do with the details, the headaches and the liabilities involved in roofing.  You will notice details that we would not even consider using in a non-roofing application (such as finishing a membrane on the flat horizontal surface without turning it over the edge and then caulking the leading edge).  Most of the details you see are for concrete decks and balconies, not for the wood frame construction, which we are most likely to be dealing with.

 

Why is Tiledek superior to the alternatives?

As you can tell from the extensive list of other products that are available for “waterproof” applications under tile, there are very few who claim to be roofing products.  Most of the details on the websites of the products are meant for waterproofing concrete balconies and ARE NOT an “apples to apples” comparison to the kind of waterproofing we do with our materials. 

Cap welding the membrane as step 3 of
the triple heat-welded system.

We treat each and every deck as if it was a roof and we detail accordingly.  It doesn’t take much of a study to see how superior our details are.  But the most significant reason why Tiledek is superior to all the other alternatives is the network of professional applicators that install the product.  Duradek (and therefore Tiledek) is only sold through a network of businesses that have been trained.  There is no other way to get the product installed.  That means huge protection for the building owner.  THE MOST IMPORTANT PART OF THE PROCESS IS THE CONTRACTOR WHO CARES ABOUT DOING IT RIGHT.

Our primary responsibility is to protect the building from water finding its way in.  Regardless of the success or possible failure of the tile overlay, we can GUARANTEE our customers that their home will be protected from water damage.

As far as the product is concerned, you can clearly see the superiority of a 60-mil layer of the same PVC we use for walking roof decks to provide the waterproofing protection needed.  Many of the systems we’ve identified are very thin layers of liquid (20 mils).  Some of the sheet systems are only 20 mils or less and even the thickest are only 40 mils.  The seams of the sheet materials are done with liquid seam sealers and we know how ineffective that has been over the years.  Some of the thicker “solutions” are very soft rubber that could allow too much movement of the tile and may promote cracks in the grout or the tile.  Clearly, Tiledek is to be considered as the superior system of waterproofing for exterior decks or balconies overlaid with tile.

If you have an outdoor tile project and would like to speak to a Tiledek professional, contact a Duradek Dealer near you.

See Tiledek Techtalk #107 – 10 Reasons to use Duradek Ultra Tiledek  and check back next week for “What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek Waterproof Membrane: Part 3 – Installation”.

What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek Membranes - Part 1

originally published September 3, 2012

Part 1 – Getting Familiar with Tiledek

Leaky tile decks are a source of frustration for many builders and homeowners throughout North America, particularly when the tile deck is above living space. However, the methods that have been used in the past without much success are no longer the only options. Duradek Ultra Tiledek was manufactured specifically to provide waterproofing peace of mind underneath exterior tile roof decks. It is the only roofing membrane specifically produced for waterproofing under outdoor tile AND that comes with a 10-year warranty that guarantees waterproof protection.

This month we will be publishing a 4-part series in a basic Q & A format every Wednesday to help you get acquainted with the specifics of Tiledek and waterproofing under exterior tile.

In part one, we will familiarize you with Tiledek and why it is the essential waterproofing component for outdoor tile projects.

What is Tiledek

Duradek Ultra Tiledek is a 60 mil thick, PVC roofing membrane similar to Duradek “Ultra”. It is designed to have outdoor porcelain tile or slate installed over top of it with a thinset mortar bond coat. Lightweight concrete or cementitious finishes can also be installed over it. From here on we will just refer to the overlay products as ‘tile’.

A fabric has been laminated to the topside of the roofing membrane to provide for a strong physical “grab” by the thinset mortar.  Tiledek comes in rolls 6 feet wide and 75 feet long.  Tiledek is only available as a “professionally installed waterproofing system” through the network of trained Duradek applicating contractors all over North America.

Is an outdoor tile application waterproof by itself?

Absolutely not!  It is absolutely certain that water will get under the tile.  That is precisely why there are so many problems with outdoor tile decks.  People THINK and are even misled to believe that a tile installation is waterproof and therefore they don’t pay too much attention to the proper waterproof treatment underneath. The failures are often waterproofing failures where leaks that have been happening undiscovered for years eventually cause rot requiring major renovation work.  Not only does the structure need replacement work, the tile application must also be torn up to get at it.

The water will most likely enter through cracked grout joints or on the perimeters.  If the tile cracks, water will enter.  If the deck is in a cold climate, the moisture freezes, expands and may cause tiles to erupt.

A failure in the tile installation doesn’t mean the waterproofing system has failed.  If the membrane is intact and performing its function of keeping the water out, replacing a cracked or erupted tile or a cracked grout joint is relatively easy and inexpensive.

What are Tiledek’s credentials?

Tiledek is a variation of Duradek Ultra, the first PVC walking roof deck material on the market.  Duradek Ultra has been installed for over 35 years and has proven itself in all climatic regions of North America.

Quality Auditing Institute Ltd.(QAI), an independent testing, inspection and certification agency, evaluated the Tiledek membrane (Evaluation Report T731-4), and based on this evaluation determined that Tiledek is considered compliant to the following criteria:

• ICC-ES:  Tiledek meets the requirements of ICC-ES AC39 "Acceptance Criteria for Walking Decks" and ICC-ES AC75 "Acceptance Criteria for Membrane Roof Covering Systems" as a roofing membrane when installed in accordance with the IBC 2009 or IRC 2009 and the manufacturers installation instructions.
• CAN/CGSB 37.54: Tiledek meets the requirements for conformance to the materials standard of CAN/CGSB-37.54-95 "Polyvinyl Chloride Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane" classified as a Type 3, Class A membrane.
• Class “A” Fire Rating: Tiledek is considered to have a Class “A” rating when tested to ULC-S107 "Methods of Fire Tests of Roof Coverings" and ASTM E-108 “Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings" (when installed on and covered by non-combustible building components).
• ASTM C627: Tiledek meets the requirements of the standard test method for evaluating ceramic floor installation using the Robinson-type floor tester. Test Report #UFT 2008-008, #UFT 2008-009, #UFT 2008-010.
  Test conducted by Terrazzo, Tile & Marble Association of Canada (TTMAC). 
• ANSI A118.10: Tiledek meets the requirements of the ANSI specification for load bearing, bonded, waterproof membranes for thin-set ceramic tile and dimension stone installations. Test Report #TCNA-428-10.
  Test conducted by the Tile Council of North America (TCNA).

Robinson Type Universal Floor Tester

Tiledek Techtalk #108 provides a summary of Tiledek testing and approvals in pdf format.

What is the warranty with Tiledek?

Tiledek is covered with the same waterproof warranty as Duradek Ultra – 10 years.  See the sample warranty on the Duradek website for the specific terms and conditions.

How is tile usually installed on decks and balconies?

There are two distinct methods of installing tile in waterproof applications:  thickset (using a 1-½ inch “dry mud bed”) and thinset (using a ¼ inch acrylic modified mortar).

Thickset Mortar

Thickset: Thickbed installations are based on the traditional method of packing a mortar bed over a surface before installing the tile. The tile is adhered to the mortar bed either while the mortar bed is green (just beginning to dry) or after the mortar bed has cured. The mortar bed may be reinforced with wire and either set over a cleavage membrane (that allows the mortar bed to "float" free of the substrate) or bonded to the substrate - hence the use of the terms "floating mortar bed" or "bonded mortar bed". For wall applications, metal lath is mechanically anchored to the substrate and the mortar locks into the metal lath as it cures. The terms thick-bed installation, mortar bed installation, and thickset installation are synonymous.

The thickset method is more likely to be used where the tile is thick and irregular in order to achieve a flat walking surface.

Thinset Mortar

Thinset: Thinset mortar is a blend of cement, very finely graded sand, and a water retention compound that allows the cement to properly hydrate. Tile set by the thinset method is adhered to the substrate with a thin layer of "thinset" mortar. This type of cement is designed to adhere well in a thin layer - typically not greater than 3/16th thick. For example, a 3/8" notch trowel will produce a 3/16th inch thick coating after the tiles are pressed in to the cement. While very minor adjustments in height can be made, this method is not appropriate for adjusting the level or flatness of a surface - rather the tile will follow the plane of the substrate. Only “Gauged” tiles (with similar thickness) should be used in thinset mortar applications.

Medium-set: Medium-set mortars can be used to adjust for slightly larger variations in the substrate than can be accommodated with thinset mortar. They are also used with large, heavy, thick or “ungauged” (varying thickness) tiles, where a thicker setting bed and a coarser aggregate may be required to achieve a flat installation and to support the weight of the tile while the cement is curing.

Summary

Now that you are more familiar with Tiledek and the types of outdoor tile installation methods, be sure to check back next week for part 2 in this series –“ What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek Waterproof Membrane: Part 2 – The Alternatives”.

In the meantime, you may like more detailed information from the trained and authorized Tiledek installer in your area.

 

Deck Expert Bill Leys Talks Decking at JLC Live New England

Deck Expert, Bill Leys, will be at JLC Live New England on Thursday, March 20, 2014 conducting a not-to-miss conference session that focuses on deck building best practices.

When you want the fast-track to knowledge in your trade, hearing what the experts have to say gives you a great advantage over some contractors that might only just 'get by' with what they already know.

JLC Live New England is the most anticipated regional industry event for residential construction professionals and offers real world construction education with a conference program that highlights fundamental business and technical skills that can help you elevate your skill level and your reputation well above the competition. JLC Live New England takes place at the Rhode Island Convention Center in Providence, RI and offers conferences from March 19 – 22 and Exhibit Hall from March 21 - 22.

Bill Leys

A regular presenter at JLC Live events, a licensed contractor in California and owner of DeckExpert.com, Bill Leys is a big enthusiast and promoter of encouraging best practices.

"I am most looking forward to returning to Rhode Island (Newport is my hometown) and making New England contractors aware of the benefits that pedestrian traffic coatings offer over other methods in building and waterproofing roof decks." says Bill in the weeks leading up to the show.

Bill presents “Construction and Waterproofing Methods for Walking Decks and Tile Covered Decks” which takes place on Thursday, March 20th, 2013 from 1:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. The session covers best construction practices and will be divided into two parts. The first half discusses pedestrian deck systems and best building practices to construct a well built and long lasting deck assembly. The second half instructs on roof decks and how to properly build and waterproof them for a systems to last 30+ years.

Learning objectives include:

• Best practices when installing new waterproof systems for tile.
• Best practices in building and framing a deck that will receive tile, which materials are available for waterproofing tile decks.
• How to properly sequence the waterproofing of the deck with the construction of the building.
• Tile Council of North America standards and methods for tile decks. (Durdek Ultra Tiledek has been tested to meet TCNA ANSI specification for load bearing, bonded, waterproof membranes for thin-set ceramic tile and dimension stone installations.)
• Reduce your risk of exposure to liability.

Since Bill specializes in the installation of deck coatings for decks over living space, he is very familiar with the Duradek family of deck waterproofing solutions. An authoritative voice in the deck building industry, Bill brings a not-to-miss highlight of JLC Live with his education session. Since waterproof decks and/or tile-covered waterproof decks rate high on the list of components claimed to have construction defects, this is an incredibly valuable 3 hours for any construction professional who takes on decking projects.

Tiledek as part of an outdoor tile assembly is
one of the best methods of waterproofing
under exterior tile

JLC Live New England takes place at the Rhode Island Convention Center in Providence, RI with conferences from March 19 – 22 and Exhibit Hall from March 21 - 22.

Registration options are very flexible and range from exhibit hall only to full 4-day education conference passes. You have the freedom to choose whatever combination works best for you.

Visit JLCLive.com to register.

JLC Live New England is the most anticipated regional industry event for residential construction professionals and offers real world construction education with a conference program that highlights fundamental business and technical skills.

If you are in the New England area and are interested in waterproofing and railing solutions for your decking projects, you can also talk to Steve at Duradek of New England / Railing Pro who is Duradek's own decking and waterproofing expert in New England!

Duradek is at Surfaces This Week

It's time for the International Surfaces Event and Duradek is there! The event kicks off tomorrow and building professionals will find Duradek at Surfaces, one of three distinct branded shows that are now united to create the ultimate industry event – The International Surfaces Event.

Taking place at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center from January 28-30, 2014, this show brings you everything you want to discover about all things stone, tile and floor coverings for both indoor and outdoor living space.

Duradek invites you to register for complimentary Exhibits admission ($60 value) and come visit us at booth #B2339.



We said 'Forest Floor' vinyl blends
well with the natural environment...
some builders took us very literally!

The International Surfaces Event keeps you in the know on virtually any type of surfacing in construction or remodeling projects. With the trends of expanding outdoor living space, it is wise for architects and builders to have a good arsenal of reliable outdoor flooring products and Duradek is proud to highlight our waterproof flooring solutions for decks and roof decks.

As seen in the ISSUU New Products Lookbook, Duradek's latest offerings include the stylish and unique Forest Floor line of vinyl in the versatile shade of 'Ash' for this year's new floor covering options.

The International Surfaces Event is a comprehensive event encompassing industry resources, trademark events and a wealth of education, featuring:

SURFACES Show Floor – with thousands of square feet of exhibits, the show floor is where you’ll find the most innovative floor covering products and supplies in every major category. America’s largest event for the floor covering industry, SURFACES is held annually in Las Vegas, NV and offers an unrivaled education program. Duradek will be there at booth #B2339 to take care of your outdoor flooring needs with our Duradek Ultra walkable, waterproof PVC membranes. A great solution for any outdoor pedestrian surfaces, Duradek Ultra is ideal for decks situated over living space where professional waterproofing is critical.

StonExpo/Marmomacc Americas Show Floor – from everyone and everything stone and stone related. Interested in stone pavers for your outdoor living space? Here is where you will find them…and remember to check with Duradek over at the SURFACES show floor to find out about Plazadek, our roof-grade waterproofing membrane for use under paver systems.

TileExpo Show Floor – here you will find a wide collection of exotic, innovative and distinctive tile products from all around the world. Building and design professionals who are interested in the elegant beauty of tiles on outdoor surfaces likes patios or decks are well served by visiting the SURFACES show floor to stop by the Duradek booth and discover the advantages of the Tiledek system of waterproofing under exterior tiles. With the same roof-grade protection of our original vinyl membrane, Tiledek has been manufactured with a special fabric surface to provide the best adhesion of thin-set in outdoor tile applications. Installed by trained and authorized dealers, Tiledek is part of a superior assembly system that can accept the thin-set tile application immediately after installation.

Stop by the Duradek booth #B2339 to say hello and ask us anything you want to know about deck waterproof surfaces…we hope to see you there!

Leaky Deck Frustration Turned Around in Utah

It’s a common story. A homeowner who has the desirable feature of a roof deck or multi-level decks on their home wants to make the space the ideal entertainment area. Some homeowners that have decks that are situated over living space have experienced reoccurring frustration with water intrusion, and perhaps even more frustration with their contractors that were unable to provide reliable waterproofing.

Sometimes, these same contractors will charge homeowners each time they re-apply the same ineffective waterproofing product. Here’s where the biggest frustration lies. Most homeowners are willing to pay to get the job done right, but when they repeatedly invest in ineffective solutions it is very disheartening.

TileLetter Magazine spoke with a home-owner in Utah that experienced this common story and sought the services of a new contractor (see full story on page 36). While the previous contractor had used a simple roll-on liquid coating and fibreglass mesh system, the new contractor had a different arsenal of weapons to fight water invasion. The homeowner noticed a Tiledek binder that the contractor had brought along with him and inquired about how suitable a tiled surface might be for their deck. The contractor had discovered the Tiledek system of waterproofing at a trade show, had researched the product and was confident it was the best option for tile deck projects, particularly over living space.



MBL Contracting applied the Tiledek membrane with
a proven assembly for waterproof protection under tile.

Tile is often selected as the surface finish for its beauty and relative low-maintenance appeal. While tile decks convey a simple elegance, there is nothing charming about a leaky tile deck that allows water to slowly but relentlessly invade your home. Although hesitant after the last experience, the homeowner decided to proceed with the tile option for their deck when they learned that Tiledek was approved as a roofing membrane and came with a 10-year waterproofing warranty.

Since Tiledek (as well as all Duradek waterproofing membranes) is installed only by applicators that have been trained for correct application techniques, Duradek authorized installer MBL Contracting was hired to do the waterproofing and tile setting.

If you are considering a tile deck or have a roof deck on your home, this Article from TileLetter Magazine “Waterproofing Makes All the Difference in Dual Level Deck” is a quick read and a great example to learn from before taking on your tile deck project.

A tiled roof deck makes an ideal entertainment area.

If you’d like to talk to a Duradek waterproofing expert about your decking projects, find an authorized Duradek Dealer in your area to address your specific needs.

Fresh Living TV in Utah Examines Duradek Deck Waterproofing

Deck building and deck renovations are popular topics as spring begins to thaw us out of our winter hibernation and we prepare to enjoy our leisure time and our outdoor living space. The key word here is 'enjoy'. There is nothing fun about laboring on maintaining a deck or balcony, or discovering that the waterproofing on your deck has not performed as expected leaving you with unexpected repairs.

That is why it is so critical to find a product you can rely on and Duradek is proud to offer a walkable waterproofing membrane that allows you to have the peace of mind that your home is protected. In the clip below, Duradek Distributor and waterproofing expert Matt from Duradek of Utah / Dekmax talks with Fresh Living host on KUTV in Utah about Duradek and how it can be the ideal solution for your decking needs. You also get to hear first-hand from a Duradek customer on how Duradek was the perfect solution for their deck.

Discover how Duradek can:

• Protect your deck from repeated freeze/thaw cycles
• Provide your home with proven and guaranteed waterproof protection
• Bring an element of style with a variety of colors and patterns  

Fresh Living with Duradek  

Now that you've gotten a glimpse of what makes the Duradek difference, you may be curious about how Duradek can provide the decking solutions that you need. You can request a free, no obligation estimate from a specially trained Duradek waterproofing expert in your area, and prepare to enjoy your deck for many years to come!

To find the closest Duradek trained installer in your area, visit the 'Find a Dealer' page of the Duradek website.

Duradek Invites You To Coverings 2013 in Atlanta

Coverings, the ultimate tile and stone experience, is only a few weeks away and Duradek would like to invite you to attend with this offer of FREE REGISTRATION. Taking place April 29th to May 2nd at the Georgia World Congress Center in Atlanta, GA, this is your opportunity to discover what the experts are saying about the latest in surface finishing.

Coverings Presents:

• 4 days of exhibits with over 900 exhibitors offering the best in the tile and stone surface covering products.
• More than 70 FREE specialized training and education sessions.
• Feature speakers addressing the latest in design, marketing and labor trends.
• Installation demonstrations and design showcase.
• Special programs like the CID Design Awards and Project Green.
• ....and more!

Be sure to stop by the Duradek booth #7665 to learn about Duradek Ultra Tiledek, the waterproofing membrane for under exterior tile and the time-proven Duradek Ultra walkable roofing membrane that has protected over a million square feet of decks all across North America.

Duradek Expert Shares Exterior Tile Deck Advice with the Construction Specifier

Exterior tile decks can be a tricky subject for even experienced contractors, but for anyone who desires insights on the subject of exterior tile decks, there is a great resource included in the February 2013 issue of the Construction Specifier magazine.

‘Avoiding Leaky Exterior Tile Decks’ written by Duradek president, John Ogilvie, is a detailed article that discusses the waterproofing details that can make the difference between a successful and a failed tile deck project.  Having spent nearly 40 years in the deck waterproofing industry mastering the use of PVC membranes for roof deck waterproofing, John knows a thing or two about waterproofing details and the critical elements that are required to protect a home from the constant influence of moisture or water penetration.



A beutiful tile deck waterproofed with Tiledek,
installed by Duradek of Utah

In fact, it was John’s decades of experience with deck and flat roof waterproofing combined with the exterior tile industry’s need for a better waterproofing solution that inspired the creation of Duradek Ultra Tiledek, the under-tile waterproofing membrane. Particularly when used on decks built over living space, Tiledek provides significant peace of mind as it is a true roofing membrane, designed specifically for use with outdoor tile.

Here are some of the vital components to exterior tile decking projects that Duradek president, John Ogilvie discusses in this article:

Installing Tile on Decks and Balconies

• Thick-set Method
• Thin-set Method

Causes for Tile Failure

• Building the Deck
• Waterproofing
• Thin –set Bonding Adhesive
• Choosing the Tile or Stone
• Tile Installation Techniques
• Details
• Waterproofing or Roofing
• Railings
• Maintenance

Preventing Failures

• Sloping the Surface

Waterproofing Options for Under Exterior Tile

Critical Installation Details

• Outside Perimeters
• Drains
• Rail Attachments
• Inside Perimeter
• Surface Preparation
• Installation Qualifications

View the .pdf of “Avoiding Leaky Exterior Tile Decks” or view online at the Construction Specifier.

 

If you’ve had issues with tile decks in the past, or are even considering building an exterior tile deck, this article is well worth taking the time to read to become aware of the details that can save you hundreds of dollars and plenty of time by avoiding a leaky tile deck.



Exterior Tile Waterproofing for Roof Decks with Tiledek.

What You Need to Know to Avoid Leaky Tile Decks with Tiledek Waterproof Membrane: Part 4 – Stacking the Deck

In this four-part series of detailed questions about Duradek Ultra Tiledek membranes we first familiarized you with Tiledek, discussed the alternative methods of waterproofing under exterior tile and why Tiledek is the stand-out option for doing it right the first time and guaranteeing that your deck waterproofing performs as intended.

In this fourth and final part of our Tiledek series of articles we will discuss how to first prepare your deck surface to achieve waterproofing success.

How do you build a deck to make it is ready for tile?

A major cause of failure of tile over decks and balconies is that the structure to which it is applied allows too much deflection.  Tile has little tolerance for deflection.  Cracking grout lines or tile is the result of deflection. 

Deflection (the spring or give of the deck surface) is a product of the joist spacing and thickness of the flooring materials.  The Terrazzo, Tile and Marble Association of Canada (TTMAC) specification for flooring under tile or slate is as follows:
¾ inch plywood fastened with 2” #10 Exterior wood screws @6” oc @ perimeter and 8” oc @ joists covered with ½ inch cement board secured with thinset and fasteners. (The deck must have slope built in – suggested slope ¼” per foot)

The use of a cement board overlay is required/recommended by tile associations and manufacturers.  Cement board, unlike plywood, is not affected by varying levels of moisture.

We strongly recommend that decks be built to this specification.  For the money that is being invested in the whole system, it would seem unwise to scrimp on the subsurface.  In case of a failure (cracking), the first thing anyone will look at (and blame it on) is whether the floor was strong enough and provided the necessary deflection resistance.

Concrete decks and balconies are suitable for tile application but still require proper waterproofing or roofing protection.

We recommend you follow the local best practice guidelines as laid out by the Tile Contractors Association of TTMAC or the building code. There may be regional differences in the suggested use of cement board or a second layer of plywood. As with all the details involved with a tile deck over a wood structure, you should follow the tile and thinset mortar manufacturer’s specifications.

Can tile be applied over an existing vinyl deck?

Most existing deck surfaces (PVC membrane or liquid applied finishes) are applied to 5/8 inch or ¾ inch plywood and therefore are not suitable for a tile overlay without some stiffening to reduce the deflection.  The vinyl could be removed (possibly leaving the existing vinyl up the wall behind the siding and building paper), the floor stiffened with the appropriate thickness of cement board and the Tiledek installed over top (special details will be published for this).

There is another system that can be used to stiffen the existing structure.  Schluter’s ditra mat can be installed over top of Tiledek (with thinset) and then the tile can be installed over top of Ditra.  The Ditra mat stiffens the floor system to an appropriate level to provide for residential use of tile.  We have tested this system with the Robinson Floor test and achieved a “residential” result. 

Should you protect Tiledek until the tile is applied?

Like all products installed on a construction site, Tiledek is susceptible to damage from other trades, scaffolding, paint, stucco, materials or tools being dropped from above or other abuse.  Although Tiledek is very tough (as we know from Duradek) and can take a lot of abuse, it is always wise to protect it especially in heavy traffic areas or areas which are most likely to be damaged.  Covering it with a protection board (plywood, recovery board etc) will save time and effort cleaning the Tiledek to prepare it for accepting the tile overlay.  A layer of polyethylene under the panels will protect the membrane from liquids (paints etc). Another method of protection would be to trowel apply directly to the Tiledek a thin coating of the same thinset material that will be used to apply the tile or stone overlay. 

How do you clean Tiledek if necessary?

If Tiledek has been left exposed to traffic and construction debris and needs to be cleaned, it can be cleaned easily and effectively.  Pressure washing with a light (1500 psi) spray with the nozzle no closer than 6 inches from the surface will work well.  The surface can also be washed and lightly scrubbed with a bristle broom and hosed off.

Does the surface need to be sloped?

Yes!  Sound roofing/waterproofing practice needs to be employed even when tile is applied over top.  We operate on the expectation of water getting through the tile installation.  Our membrane will be applied to a surface sloped towards drains, scuppers or an outside edge which allows the water to escape. 

Moisture will still run downhill, even under tile applications.  This can happen without negatively affecting the bond of the thinset mortar to the tile or the membrane.

We recommend the seams of the Tiledek run parallel to the slope to avoid any water puddling up behind the bump.

Can a flat waterproof surface be re-sloped with a thickset application technique?

While it is possible to provide a slope with the thickset mortar, there are other problems to consider.  If the waterproof membrane is flat or allows water to puddle on it, providing a sloped mortar bed will NOT remove all the water from the deck.  Although most of the moisture will drain off the top surface, water WILL enter under the tile through cracks in the grout joints, cracks in the tile or on perimeters.  The water that enters will follow the slope of the waterproofing membrane.  If it puddles before the thickset mortar goes on, it will still puddle after the tile job is completed.  The water will then just sit in a puddle and stagnate, potentially causing mould and an unpleasant odor to occur.
If you want to take a belly or depression out of the deck surface, it must be done prior to the Tiledek being installed. Since water will not penetrate Tiledek, if the depression has been eliminated any water reaching it will be shed away.

Water testing before the Overlay is Applied

We recommend a water test be done after the Tiledek is installed and prior to the overlay being applied.

Conclusion

If you have read all four parts of this series of articles on Tiledek and waterproofing methods for exterior tile projects, you are well equipped to ask all of the right questions to all parties involved in the construction of a reliable and long-lasting outdoor tile deck.

At Duradek we believe that your deck should be a source of pleasure, not stress, and we encourage all home owners and builders to ensure they do it right the first time….do it with Duradek Ultra Tiledek.